The process of starting a business in Dubai Mainland can become overwhelming, given the regulations and licensing requirements you must navigate. Questions like “What type of license do I need?”, “How much will it cost?”, or “Do I need a local sponsor?” can leave you second-guessing every step.
Without a clear understanding of the setup process, you risk costly mistakes, delays, or even non-compliance with UAE laws—which is why having a clear roadmap is crucial.
Here, we’ll break down everything you need to know about starting a business in Dubai Mainland. From selecting the right license and legal structure to understanding costs and documentation requirements, we’ll guide you step-by-step.
Whether you’re an experienced businessman, a business owner aiming to expand into Dubai, or launching your first venture as an entrepreneur, this guide will assist you in making informed decisions and avoiding common pitfalls related to the cost of a Mainland trade licence process.
Steps to Start a Business in Dubai Mainland
Following is the structured process you can follow to set up your Dubai Mainland company:
- Select a Business Activity
- Choose a Legal Structure
- Obtain Initial Approval
- Reserve a Trade Name
- Get Office Space
- Sign MoA/LSA
- Obtain External Approval & Apply for Trade License
- Apply for Relevant Visas
1. Select a Business Activity
In most countries, a single license suffices for multiple business activities. However, in Dubai Mainland, activities are grouped. Therefore, activities belonging to differing groups require separate licenses.
Depending on your chosen activity, you will need one of the four main types of licenses offered by the Department of Economic Development (DED):
- Commercial License: Perfect for businesses involved in trading or retail.
- Professional License: This license is for businesses with expertise in certain fields that provide professional services, such as IT consultancy or legal advice.
- Industrial License: Best suited for manufacturing, production, or assembly activities.
- E-trader License: Ideal for sole proprietors selling products or services via social media. While primarily available to UAE and GCC nationals, certain expats can also apply.
Pro-Tip: Align your primary activity with market demand and your expertise. If you plan to engage in multiple activities, ensure they are related to avoid complications during the licensing process.
For instance, UAE’s e-commerce market is projected to reach AED 48.8 billion by 2028. Now might be the perfect time to get an e-trader license and set up your home-grown retail business in Dubai.
2. Choose a Legal Structure
The legal structure of your business significantly affects your liability, tax obligations, and operational flexibility. Below are some common options for mainland companies:
Limited Liability Company (LLC)
This is the most popular legal form, chosen by over 50% of newly registered companies in 2024 according to Dubai Pulse.
An LLC can have 2-50 partners or be owned entirely by one person as a “One Person LLC.” With the amendment to federal Decree-Law No.26 of December 2020, expats can enjoy 100% foreign ownership in most sectors.
If you are thinking of trading in Dubai Mainland, it’s important to note that you must choose an LLC as your legal structure.
Sole Proprietorship
Selected by over 30% of new companies in 2024, this legal type is ideal for individual business owners providing professional services.
Expats setting up a company with this legal form need a local service agent (LSA). It offers complete control but comes with unlimited liability where personal assets are not protected.
Civil Company
Best for businesses owned by two or more partners providing professional services, such as consultancy or medical services.
Expats must partner with a UAE national or hire an LSA in case of 100% foreign ownership. In this setup, partners carry unlimited personal liability for the company’s debt or obligations.
3. Obtain Initial Approval
Initial approval is a crucial step in the licensing process. To avoid rejections by the DED, ensure your application reflects your specific business activity. For example, if you’re starting a consultancy, clearly outline that focus in your documents.
To apply, gather and submit the following documents to the DED:
- Passport copy of all shareholders
- Residence/tourist visa copy of shareholders
- Passport-size photographs
- Contact details
- Business activities
- Articles of association
Most applications receive approval within one business day, though high-risk nationals such as Pakistanis or Syrians may have to wait 3 to 5 days. Additionally, due diligence compliance checks can severely impact the application’s rejection or approval timeline.
This approval signifies that the government has no objections to your proposed business.
4. Reserve a Trade Name
After selecting your business category and legal structure and receiving initial approval, it’s time to reserve a trade name.
Choose three potential names that reflect your business activity and adhere to DED guidelines. Ensure your chosen name does not resemble existing brands or international organizations like the “WHO.”
For instance, if you want to use the name “Technovation LLC” for a tech company, check its availability and reserve it via DED’s online portal. Approval usually takes about 24 hours, and the Trade Name Reservation Certificate is valid for six months.
5. Get an Office Space
An E-trader license offers flexibility by allowing you to operate from a home-based office.
An instant license permits businesses involved in activities like marketing management or commercial brokerage to operate from a virtual office provided by the DED for the first year. However, a physical office is mandatory starting from the second year.
In contrast, businesses applying for standard trade licenses must secure physical office space, particularly for trading or import/export activities that require warehouses. Companies can rent traditional office setups — with customization options — or explore cost-effective alternatives like co-working hubs or shared offices. Consulting with experts at Best Solution is highly advisable for personalized guidance.
Regardless of your office choice, you must submit a proof of address (lease agreement) before the license is issued. This includes obtaining the tenancy contract attested by the Real Estate Regulatory Agency (RERA) and recorded in its registration system (Ejari)—which means ‘My Rent’ in Arabic.
Moreover, securing a physical office is generally recommended, as its absence may cause challenges or result in application rejection for opening a corporate bank account. For businesses without a physical office, acquiring a corporate bank account via WIO, an online banking service, is preferable. WIO is comparatively lenient in its documentation and requirements than traditional UAE banks like Emirates NBD or ADCB.
6.Sign MoA/LSA
You must sign and submit a duly attested memorandum of association (MoA)/LSA on the Invest in Dubai portal for license issuance.
The DED can generate the MoA for you, outlining your company’s objectives and shareholder structure. It also provides the local service agent contract for civil companies 100% owned by non-GCC nationals.
7.Obtain External Approval & Apply for Trade License
Certain activities or company types require approval from other government departments or agencies. Thus, before applying for a trade license, ensure you obtain these approvals and comply with their requirements.| External Approval Entities | Activities Covered |
| Ministry of Interior | Driving schools, fire equipment & safety systems, Used-car dealers & auto-parts, car rental |
| Ministry of Justice | Legal activities and consultancy |
| Local Municipal Department (Dubai Municipality) | Architectural services, engineering projects, clinics |
| Telecommunications and Digital Government Regulatory Authority (TDRA) | Telecommunication activities |
| Executive Council | Travel & tourism, general services, charter trading, ship/maritime agencies, car clubs, charter air transport, foreign company branches |
| Ministry of Economy | Insurance activities and consultancy |
| Local Health Departments (DHA) | Health-related activities (clinics, medical services) |
| Supreme Petroleum Council | Onshore/offshore gas & oil-field services, Onshore/offshore oil drilling operations |
For example, if you plan on launching an innovative fintech service in the local market, you require external approval from the Dubai Financial Services Authority. Meanwhile, an e-trade license requires you to get approval from the TDRA. The entity is in charge of regulating the eCommerce framework and transactions in the UAE.
Once you receive the necessary external approvals, submit your initial approval receipt, Ejari registration, and the signed MoA/LSA. Your Mainland trade license, also known as a business license, will then be issued by the DED within 7 days.
8.Apply for Relevant Visas
After obtaining your business license, you can apply for visas for yourself and your employees. These visas legally permit you to reside and manage your business operations in Dubai. The application process generally includes obtaining an entry permit, undergoing mandatory medical examination, applying for the Emirates ID, and receiving the residency e-visa.
Mainland companies benefit from unlimited visa quotas based on business activity, employee roles, and contractual agreements.
A key requirement in securing your company visa quota is ensuring that your leased office is registered with Ejari. The Ministry of Labour may inspect your office and review relevant contracts and invoices to assess your application.
For example, consider a logistics company in Dubai Mainland. Once the company registers its office with an Ejari contract, it applies for a visa quota. The Ministry of Labour then reviews its active project contracts and invoices to verify ongoing work. After a detailed inspection, the Ministry grants a visa quota based on the company’s workload.
Companies with substantial work demands and supporting documentation receive a higher visa allocation.
Cost of Mainland Business Setup in Dubai
The cost of setting up a mainland business in Dubai can range from AED 12,000 to AED 30,000 or more, depending on various factors such as:
- Type of Business Activity: Different activities have different licensing fees. The number of activities chosen under a license can also affect the cost. For instance, an e-trader license costs approximately AED 1,000, but it restricts the activities that can be conducted.
- Office Space Requirements: Office rental costs vary significantly based on location and size. Offices in prime locations such as Business Bay or Downtown Dubai may cost more due to higher rent.
Moreover, the office rental cost accounts for 20% of the licensing fee. Hence, instant licenses are cheaper as they do not mandate physical office space for the first year. - Additional Approvals: Certain sectors may require additional approvals from relevant authorities, which can incur extra costs.
For a detailed estimate, use Best Solution’s cost calculator and consult our experts for affordable license packages tailored to your specifications.
Advantages of Mainland Company Formation in Dubai
1. Zero Trade Restrictions
Unlike free zone companies, Mainland business setups are not restricted to operating within specific areas. Establishing a Dubai Mainland company grants you direct access across all seven UAE emirates along with the international market.
The unlimited trade access is advantageous for businesses looking to tap into a larger client base. For instance, a retail store in Dubai can sell its products and services across all emirates, including Abu Dhabi and Sharjah, serving both local and international customers without facing restrictions.
2. Access to Government Contracts
Only mainland companies can bid for government contracts and participate in public sector projects, which can be lucrative growth opportunities.
For example, if a construction firm is set up in Dubai Mainland, it can secure contracts for government infrastructure projects, providing significant revenue streams.
3. Scalable Workforce
Unlike free zones with fixed visa quotas, Mainland businesses enjoy flexible visa allocations tied to their workload from active project contracts.
For instance, a tech start-up doubling its client base can swiftly get approval to onboard developers by submitting new service agreements to the Ministry of Labour—eliminating challenges commonly experienced in free zones.
Challenges of Mainland Company Formation in Dubai
1. External Approval Requirements
Certain activities in the Mainland require third-party approvals that most Free Zones do not. This mandatory step may delay your license issuance and postpone the commencement of your business operations.
2. Compliance with Local Laws
Operating as a Mainland company requires strict adherence to UAE regulations and laws. Non-compliance can lead to fines or even business closure. The following are some requirements that you must comply with:
- VAT registration and return filings: Mainland businesses must register for VAT if the taxable supplies and imports exceed the threshold of AED 375,000. Additionally, they must file annual VAT returns within 28 days from the end of their tax period. A delay in filings can result in AED 1,000 penalty for the first offence and AED 2,000 for repeated offences.
- Corporate Tax: Mainland companies must register for corporate tax, regardless of whether they owe any tax. Businesses are subjected to 9% corporate tax on income above AED 375,000 as of 1 June 2023.
- Economic Substance Regulations (ESR): The UAE applies ESR to Mainland entities operating in sectors such as banking, insurance, or investment. These companies must provide the regulatory authorities with economic substance notifications, including details about their business activities.
- UBO Declaration: Mainland companies must submit beneficiary owner details to DED annually. Failure to comply can lead to a hefty fine of AED 15,000 or more.
- Emiratisation Target: Applied exclusively to Mainland, companies with a workforce of over 20 must meet Emiratisation targets. The target involves achieving a 2% annual growth rate in hiring Emirati nationals for skilled positions relative to their total skilled workforce.
For non-compliance, a hefty fine of AED 6,000 is imposed per vacancy. Moreover, the business can face a suspension on issuance of employee work permits. It may also be downgraded in the Ministry of Human Resources and Emiratisation (MOHRE) 3-tier company classification.
Conclusion
Establishing a business in Dubai Mainland opens up opportunities for sole proprietors and companies. As an entrepreneur, Mainland business setup gives you unlimited market access. Unlike free zones, you can also obtain scalable visa quotas tailored to your operational needs.
While challenges like compliance with VAT, corporate tax, and Emiratisation targets require careful planning, the pros far outweigh the cons.
By following our structured roadmap—from choosing a business activity and legal structure to obtaining approvals, securing a trade name and office space and thereafter, applying for visas—you can confidently set up your Mainland company.
For further assistance, consider engaging with the Best Solution experts specializing in Dubai’s business setup landscape. Our 14+ years of experience equips us to help you navigate Mainland’s licensing process and expedite license issuance.
